Fiscal federalism refers to the allocation of taxraising powers and expenditure responsibilities between levels of governments akindele s. This is because federalism as a system of government emanates from the desire of a. Ap comparative study guide by ethel wood garfield high. The central government is supreme, and the administrative divisions exercise only powers that the central government has delegated to them. This comparative and historical analysis of the united states of america and nigeria examines the question on why federalism has not succeeded in managing and accommodating diversity in nigeria. Comparative government and politics provides an introduction to the wide, diverse. Fiscal federalism in nigeria an analysis of issues and challenges. Ap comparative government and politics nigeria briefing paper. Describe two disadvantages of federalism in nigeria. A federal state is a sovereign complex state where the power is shared between the central government and the governments of the constituent units at least two. The course uses a comparative approach to examine the political structures. It is however, correct to note that the nigerian federal system is. E 2 1 department of public administration, federal polytechnic kauranamoda, zamfara state nigeria email.
The states, in turn, became extensions of the federal government rather than independent tiers of government. Pdf comparative government and politics an introduction. The federalist papers by alexander hamilton, federal government by kenneth clinton wheare, the architecture of government. Each ministry is headed by a permanent secretary who reports to a minister in the federal cabinet describe cabinet the executive branch of the government of nigeria cabinet members are appointed by the president and report to the president. One recurring theme in american government and politics is the conflict between two basic values. One point is earned for a correct identification of a country studied in the ap comparative government and politics course that has a runoff election for its chief executive. Ap comparative government and politics 2016 download ebook. This newly revised 7th edition of ap comparative government and. The idea behind the creation of federalism in nigeria was to. This immediately raises a number of the complexities that beset this subject and that mechanistic discussions of it tend to ignore or obscure. The oil boom of 1973, which coincided with the era of military rule also increased the economic centrality of the federal government.
Federalism can thus be defined as a form of government in which there is a division of powers between two levels of government of equal status. Ekpo and enamidem ubokudom eds, issues in fiscal federalism and revenue allocation in nigeria, ibadan. The practice of fiscal federalism in nigeria has been inhibited by several factors which include, the dominance of the federal government in the revenue sharing, the protracted period of. In fact, the problem is sufciently complex that no mere denition will sufce. The problem with federalism in nigeria is complex but the most striking is the overcentralisation of the countrys federal system, which has resulted from a flawed domestic political economy that entrenches overdependency on oil. The guardian nigeria newspaper brings you the latest headlines, opinions, political news, business reports and international news. Ap comparative government and politics nigeria briefing paper paul j. An absolutely splendid book, rigorous but still accessible. Ap comparative study guide by ethel wood comparative government and politics provides an introduction to the wide, diverse world of governments and political practices that currently exist in modern times. Pdf a comparative study of fiscal federalism in nigeria. Federalism and its development in the various domin ions was.
Download as pdf abstract this article argues that the nigerian federation epitomises an incomplete federal arrangement. The evolution, development and practice of federalism in nigeria charas madu tella, ahmed wali doho, aliyu bapeto abstract federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are. Learn federalism gov ap government comparative with free interactive flashcards. Ap comparative government and politics is an introductory collegelevel course in comparative government and politics. Federalism can be seen as a system of government in which governmental powers that exist in a country are shared between central government and other component units i. Federalism in south africa is a contested concept and reality. The feelings of marginalisation, which had been suppressed during the military era are fully expressed by ethnoregional groups in the postmilitary era and these feelings finds expression in the potent agitation for a more functional federal system. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The evolution, development and practice of federalism in. Of what value is it to the central government to have state and. Choose from 500 different sets of federalism gov ap government comparative flashcards on quizlet. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Download pdf thepoliticaleconomyoffederalisminnigeria.
This book should be required for serious students of comparative government and american government. China, iran, mexico, nigeria, russia, and the united kingdom. Beginning from 1954, the unitary colonial state saw itself being gradually federalized as it had to contend. The united states government relies on fiscal federalism. The goal has been to develop a political system that accommodates diversity. Systems of government unitary federal confederation. Ap united states government and politics examination, editions 17 multiple choice and freeresponse questions in preparation for the ap world history examination, editions 1 and 2 teachers guide ap comparative government and politics the best test preparation for the graduate record examination in political science the presidency. Brief history of nigerian federalism how nigeria news. Federalism can be broadly seen in the light of the system of government that entails branching of powers into two level of equal government.
Their powers and functions were shared to them by the constitution. Fiscal federalism in nigeria an analysis of issues and. In canada, federalism implies opposition to sovereigntys movements and the same is historically true in the united states. View comparative federalism research papers on academia. In a federal structure, adequate autonomy is given to each level of government to enable it perform its responsibility without frustration. A unitary state, is a sovereign state governed as a single entity. Fiscal federalism concerns the division of public sector functions and finances among different tiers of government ozoeson, 2005. The feature of nigerian federalism could only be better understood by a reproduction of the definition of the concept federalism, professor nwabueze in his definition, defined federalism as an arrangement whereby governmental powers within a country are shared between a national, country wide government and a number of regional governments. In 1954, the nigerian founding fathers opted for a federal system of government despite its inherent challenges in a pluralistic society. Nigerians embraced federalism as a way of managing the conflicts and suspicions among the various constituent nationalities that make up the nigerian state. While a highly centralised central government is injurious to the federal polity as it could lead to a quasi federal or unitary system as it is found in present nigeria federal system, a highly decentralized federalism, on the other hand, could destabilise the federal polity as it is capable of eroding the power of the central government and. In spite of this confusion, we can still conceptualize federalism.
Federalism, nigerian federal constitution and the practice of. The central feature of nigeria s political economy is the relationship between oil resources and the state. The college board is committed to the principles of excellence and equity, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns. Nigeria also has probably the most elaborate system of government in the region. Federalism, nigerian federal constitution and the practice. A federal state is a sovereign complex state where the power. Ap comparative government and politics sample student. The constitutional change in south africa in the 1990s brought about the decentralization of substantial budgetary responsibility to newly created provincial governments. They also needed to explain one way nigeria s federal structure accommodates different religious groups, as well as one way the federal structure accommodates different ethnic groups in the country. Federalism if properly practiced will bring about economic stability in nigeria. In conclusion, the concept and practice of federalism in south. Federalism is a system of government in which governmental powers that exists in a country are shared between central government and component region. In achieving this, the paper adopted both descriptive and analytical methods by relying on secondary sources for data.
Ap comparative government and politics 2016 download. Local government autonomy as an imperative for true. The federal government should remove the indigene and nonindigene dichotomy from the nigerian constitution in order to foster peace and unity. Civil service departments responsible for delivering various types of government service. The clamour for the adoption of true fiscal federalism in nigeria has been a burning issue in several quarters in the last three decades and has been documented in several articles, amongst which is the empirical study of arowolo 2011. Federalism is a system of government whereby power is constitutionally shared between the central government and other component units e. Advocates of a weaker federal government and stronger state governments are those that generally favor confederation nations. In order to effectively tackle the problems of federalism in nigeria and find the appropriate solutions, we need to first under what federalism means. Jul 29, 2016 odukoya, on his part said nigerias idea of true federalism was an absurdity. Apply information gained from several sources or books on a single topic or by a. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means. This study captures the new assignment of functions and resources to the different spheres of government in south africa and provides an assessment on the basis of a framework. Stateregion and local government, but in 1954 there were only the central and regional government in nigeria. Regionalism was introduced to the nigeria system by the richards constitution.
Ap comparative government and politics course and exam description, effective fall 2019 author. With the federal government enjoying enormous revenue, particularly from oil sales, the centre became the sole distributor of oil rents, dictating which state got what share of the national oil wealth. Students first had to describe federalism in nigeria. Advanced placement comparative government and politics ap comparative government and politics or ap comp gov is an advanced placement comparative government or comparative politics course and exam offered by the college board. Even the word federalism is an anathema in the lexicon of african politics. E plai one co on eason why both nigeria and russia adopted a federal system. It is also defined as the system of government in which governmental powers are shared between the component units and the central government, i.
In the politics of federalism in nigeria, professor jonah elaigwu, a leading authority on federalism, discusses the processes through which nigeria came to adopt a federal system of government as well as the manner in which the system has been operated in the country. Ap comparative government study guide nigeria government. These fears and suspicions had led to the emergence of aggressive political and economic competitions along ethnoregional lines. The countries included in the ap comparative government and politics exam have.
The paper posits that the demand for true federalism continue to pose serious challenges to the corporate existence of nigeria, especially since the return to democracy in may 29, 1999. In nigeria, there are different and distinct ethnic groups brought together by colonization. Ap comparative government and politics course and exam. In the united states, there exists a complex and highly bureaucratic relationship. Click download or read online button to get ap comparative government and politics 2016 book now. Ross stephens, professor emeritus of political science, university of missouri, kansas city at last, an insightful examination of federalism stripped of its romance. One point is earned for an explanation of one way nigeria s federal structure accommodates different religious groups. Click download or read online button to get barron s ap comparative government politics book now. Federal theory and federalism in africa berihun gebeye. This research work xrayed federalism in nigeria as the only basis upon which nigeria can remain united despite its diversity and peculiar conditions in which the different tribal groups live in and proffers solutions to the challenges of the practice of. Pdf the evolution, development and practice of federalism. Specific reference to nigeria, including the following. Yet the country teeters perilously close to massive civil upheaval.
Ap comparative study guide by ethel wood scott county. The central feature of nigerias political economy is the relationship between oil resources and the state. Although the course focuses on specific countries, it also emphasizes an. The preamble to the guidelines for 1976 local government reforms stated that, the state government has continued to encroach upon what would have been the exclusive preserve of local government. Given the territorially delineated cleavages abounding in nigeria and the historical legacy of divisions among ethnic groups, regions, and sections, the federal imperative was so fundamental that even military governmentscharacteristically unitarian, hierarchical, and centralistattached importance to the continuation of a federal system of government. It shows the nexus between the political and the economic aspects of the countrys federalism. Comparative federalism uses a comparative approach to explore the contemporary nature and meanings of federalism and federation. Barron s ap comparative government politics download.
In this compelling new work, suberu examines the profound political contradictions that make up nigeria, a nation whose leaders have constantly tinkered with a colonial federal legacy that sought. Nigeria still far from practicing true federalism the. Federalism then took its root before independence because it was confirmed by the colonial administrators and subsequent indigenous governments to be the appropriate system of government. Freedom or liberty is highly valued in the american political tradition. Before we start discussing federalism in nigeria, it is pertinent to know what federalism really is. Federalism is the bedrock of democratic edifice for a country of nigeria.
Therefore, the problem with federalism in nigeria is the mixapplication or nonapplication of this clause especially as it has to do with power distribution awa, 1977. To better match a typical introductory college course, changes were made to the course and the exam in the fall of 2005. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any. Yet the field of comparative government includes more books, whether.
Therefore, the problem with federalism in nigeria is the mixapplication or nonapplication of this clause especially as it has to do with power distribution awa, 1976. The ap comparative government and politics course is designed to introduce students to a variety of political institutions through examining issues such as citizen participation, governmental organization, the idea of sovereignty and the root of power, public policy, and the ways in which political and economic institutions change. Providing both a detailed theoretical examination and fresh case studies, it clearly distinguishes between federation, a particular kind of state, and federalism, the thinking that drives and promotes it. Federalism is the bedrock of democratic edifice for a country of nigerias size and bewildering.
However, be that as it may, to daniel 2007, it means several varieties of political arrangement in nigeria to which the term federalism has properly been applied. Failure and success a comparative study 1978 would. The eventual transformation of nigeria into a federal state started in 1954 as a result of the 1953 lyttleton constitution conference. While nigeria, ethiopia, and south africa are established african federal states, the union of comoros. In order to discuss federalism at a theoretical level at least, it is necessary to dene it.
Comparative government and politics provides an introduction to the wide. The third section is devoted to the examination of the usefulness of nigeria s federal system, that is, how federalism has been put to use, ensuring that the nigerian state continues to exist decades after its creation. Political economy, federalism, economic development, corruption, political. Microsoft word ap comparative government study guide nigeria government. Pdf the concept federalism in political science, like many other. Nigeria can be said to be operating the federal system of government, whereas in actual practice, the country is tending towards a unitary system. This book uses the political economy approach to examine the relative failure of federalism in nigeria. They also needed to explain one way nigerias federal structure accommodates different religious groups, as well as one way the federal structure accommodates different ethnic groups in the country.